Results show that stability regions on Meta-Smith charts can be determined, and source and load reflection coefficients can be selected properly to obtain desired operating power gain. In addition, Meta-Smith charts, a graphical tool developed for solving problems in the CCITL system, are employed to design matching networks to achieve desired amplifier properties. It is found that the bilinear transformation plays an important role in transforming circles in the reflection coefficient Gamma(0)-plane in the Z(0) system to the Gamma-plane in the CCITL system. This paper aims to generalize the CCITL system by demonstrating a theoretical study of CCITLs and their applications in the microwave transistor amplifier design. A typical Z(0) uniform transmission line is a special case of CCITLs whose argument of Z(0)(+/-) equal to 0 degrees. The original T-chart based on the geometric mean of char-acteristic impedances is found to be the most convenient graphical representation for solving CCITL problems.Ĭonjugately characteristic-impedance transmission lines (CCITLs) are a class of transmission lines possessing conjugately characteristic impedances (Z(0)(+/-)) for waves propagating in the opposite direction. It is found that all T-charts for each normalization factor are strongly dependent on the argument of characteristic impedances of CCITLs in a complicated fashion. In this study, three more possible normalization factors related to char-acteristic impedances of CCITLs are investigated. By using other normalization factors based on characteristic impedances, different graphical representations can be obtained i.e., T-charts for CCITLs with passive characteristic impedances are not unique, and it depends on the associated normalization factor. Originally, the normalization factor used in defin-ing normalized impedances of the T-chart is the geometric mean of characteristic impedances of CCITLs, which is not only one possible choice. Conjugately characteristic-impedance transmission lines (CCITLs) implemented by lossless periodic transmission-line struc-tures have found various applications in microwave technology, and the T-chart was developed to perform the analysis and design of CC-ITLs effectively.

Yz smith chart